Author: Research Team of the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences

Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) is a vital component of human resource development globally and a foundational system for cultivating high-quality skilled talent while promoting comprehensive human development.UNESCO views TVET as a priority for driving economic recovery and technological changes, a crucial means of addressing demographic transitions and social challenges,and a powerful support for achieving green, sustainable development. TVET is increasingly becoming a key strategic choice for countries worldwide to meet technological revolutions and industrial changes,engage in international competition and cooperation,and promote high-quality economic and social development.

The research team based its work on leading international and national journals, international organization reports, international conference outcomes, and authoritative literature from national policies and regulations over recent years. Utilizing literature analysis, case studies, and expert panel assessments, and grounded in a large volume of facts, data, and case studies, the team has drafted an initial research report on international innovation trends in TVET. This draft was subjected to multiple rounds of expert consultations with relevant countries, international organizations, as well as government departments,authoritative experts, vocational school representatives, and industry elites in China.After comprehensive deliberation, eight basic judgments on international innovation trends in TVET were formed, focusing on TVET's functions and status, educational objectives, school-running models, transformation directions, organizational forms, teaching staff, governance systems, and international cooperation. These trends include attributes of public good, holistic skills development,diversified collaboration, digital transformation, ubiquitous lifelong learning, dual-teacher system integrating industry and education, legal systematization, and international integration.